Financial Transactions and Financial Services Transfer Pricing
For many multinationals, intra-group financial transactions are among their most material related-party dealings. At the same time, the environment for evaluating these transactions has become increasingly complex and uncertain.
Our Focus
In Australia, recent court decisions have raised important questions about how credit risk should be evaluated in an intra-group context, as well as how related-party financial transactions should be priced and structured. Tax authorities in other jurisdictions have also adopted increasingly jurisdiction-specific positions, increasing the risk to multinationals of double taxation, disputes and penalties.
FSTP Strategy assists clients in navigating this complex environment by providing economic analysis prepared based upon local transfer pricing legislation and guidance and that provided by the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD).
Financial Transactions
Related-party debt, credit guarantees, cash pooling, factoring, subordinated debt, hybrid instruments and thin capitalisation analyses.
Financial Services
Banks, securities firms, insurers, reinsurers, captive insurers, hedge funds, private equity, family offices, asset managers and real estate firms.
Controversy
Independent expert work, audit support, and advice to clients and their legal advisers across multiple jurisdictions.
Services
Financial Transactions
Within the realm of financial transactions, FSTP Strategy considers the transfer pricing issues raised by intra-group financing arrangements, including:
Financial Services Clients
Transfer pricing advice is provided to a wide range of financial institutions, including:
Traditional Transactions
Beyond specialist financial transactions and financial services transfer pricing analyses, we also consider ‘traditional’ transactions faced across industries, including:
Dispute Resolution & Controversy
A significant part of recent work has involved assisting clients and their legal advisers in disputes with taxation authorities across multiple jurisdictions. These matters have often focused on the pricing and terms of intra-group debt, the appropriate level of debt to assume, or both.
This work has included serving as an independent expert, as well as advising clients and their legal advisers in revenue authority audits, dispute resolution processes and controversy matters.
Specialised Analyses
Given the combination of experience in transfer pricing and direct work in the financial markets, FSTP Strategy is often tasked to undertake specialised analyses, such as:
About Us
Background
FSTP Strategy is led by Bill Yohana.
For the past twenty-eight years, Bill has specialised in financial transactions and financial services transfer pricing. Before entering this field, he held front-office roles for approximately nine years within financial services firms, including the management of equity and balanced (both equity and fixed income) accounts at a major asset manager and interest rate derivative marketing roles.
In providing advice to clients, Bill seeks to combine his academic training in finance and economics, his background in the financial markets and his experience as a specialist transfer pricing adviser to assist clients in addressing material and/or complex transfer pricing issues. His work in transfer pricing has been roughly evenly distributed between Australia and the United States.
Education
Professional Qualifications & Recognition
Selected Publications
Publications
Capital Structure — The size of the prize
Tax Institute of Australia, August 2025
What constitutes an arm's-length amount of debt? The ATO weighs in with PCG 2025/D2
BDO Australia (website), 29 May 2025
Managing the Australian Tax Office's new arm's-length capital structure requirement, pending new guidance
BDO Australia (website), 21 March 2025
Are Australian Courts Straying from Global Arm's-Length Standard Norms?
Tax Notes International, September 9, 2024
Transfer Pricing and MAP (with Priscilla Ratilal)
Tax Institute of Australia, March 2024
Intra-group financing – Transfer pricing rules unleashed (with Jarrod Thomas)
Tax Institute of Australia, 18 October 2023
Financial Services Transfer Pricing Decoded – Deloitte Tax Global Podcasts, Episodes 9(a), 9(b) & 10
September 2021
Real estate – Recovering from a pandemic: Examining transactions in the real estate sector (with Chad Lusted & Stan Hales)
International Tax Review, Transfer Pricing Financial Services, Fall 2020
Risk and Recharacterization – Does it make sense in a financial services context? (with Robert Plunkett & Brian Green)
International Tax Review, August 4, 2015
BEPS and financial transactions – Navigating uncertainty (with Robert Plunkett)
International Tax Review, September 19, 2014
Transfer Pricing and Intra-Group Financing (with Randy Price & Nadim Rahman)
International Tax Review, July 9, 2012
Australian Taxation Office, Draft Report from the Working Group on Financial Market Issues, Intra-group guarantees and loans (Appendix A, comments on affiliation)
10 June 2010
Tax controversy and intragroup financial transactions – A battleground (with Jeff Rogers & Michel van der Breggen)
BNA Tax Planning International Review, April 2009
Australia: An update on the Australian Taxation Office's views of financial transactions
PricewaterhouseCoopers FSTP Perspectives, October 2009
ATO Discussion on Intra-Group Financial Transactions
BNA Tax Management Transfer Pricing Report, July 3, 2008
ATO addresses interaction between thin capitalisation and transfer pricing
PricewaterhouseCoopers Transfer Pricing Perspectives, Australian edition, February 2008
Does Debt Matter? The Transfer Pricing Perspective (with Michel van der Breggen et al.)
BNA Tax Management Transfer Pricing Report, July 11, 2007
Stay an arm's length ahead (quoted)
CFO Magazine (Australia), June 2005
The new ATO tax evaluation program – What it means for financial institutions
PricewaterhouseCoopers Perspectives on Financial Services (Australia), December 2002
Updates
Latest Updates
Updates and commentary will be posted here.
Privacy Policy
FSTP Strategy Pty Ltd (ABN 26 695 831 620) · Last updated 30 June 2026
This document sets out the privacy policy of FSTP Strategy Pty Ltd (ABN 26 695 831 620) (referred to in this privacy policy as 'we', 'us', or 'our').
We take our privacy obligations seriously, and we have created this privacy policy to explain how we collect, store, maintain, use and disclose personal information, and how we comply with the Australian Privacy Principles (APPs) in the Privacy Act 1988 (Cth).
We are committed to protecting your personal information, so you can contact us using the details at the end of this policy if you have any questions or concerns.
By providing personal information to us, you consent to our collection, storage, maintenance, use and disclosure of personal information in accordance with this privacy policy.
We may change this privacy policy from time to time by posting an updated copy on our website, and we encourage you to check our website regularly to ensure that you are aware of our most current privacy policy.
Because we provide services to businesses, the personal information we collect is generally limited. The personal information we collect may include:
We do not generally collect sensitive information. If we need to collect sensitive information, we will do so only with your consent or as otherwise permitted by law.
We may collect personal information either directly from you, or from third parties, including where you:
We may also collect personal information from third parties, such as your other advisers, any organisation through which you engage us, public registers and third party information databases, where it is necessary for the provision of our services.
We may collect technical information when you use or access our website through the use of web analytics tools, 'cookies' or other similar tracking technologies. Cookies are small files that store information on your device. If you do not wish information to be stored as a cookie, you can disable cookies in your web browser.
We collect, hold and use personal information for the following purposes:
We may disclose your personal information to:
Some of the recipients above, including cloud, technology and AI tool providers, may be located, or store data, outside Australia (including in the United States). Where we disclose personal information to an overseas recipient, we will take reasonable steps to ensure that the recipient handles that information in a manner consistent with the Australian Privacy Principles.
We may use artificial intelligence (AI) tools to assist us in providing our services, including for research, to streamline tasks, and to analyse financial and other data that may contain personal information.
Where we use AI tools to process personal information, we use enterprise AI tools (such as Google Gemini under our enterprise subscription) on terms which we understand do not permit the AI provider to use that information to train its models. Our confidentiality, security and overseas disclosure obligations set out in this policy apply to any personal information processed using AI tools.
In the course of a client engagement, we will agree how AI tools will be used and offer an opportunity to opt out of their use, in particular in relation to client data. If you have any questions about our use of AI, please contact us using the details below.
We take reasonable steps to ensure your personal information is secure and protected from misuse, interference and loss, and from unauthorised access, modification or disclosure. Our information technology systems are password protected, and we use a range of administrative and technical measures to protect these systems. However, we cannot guarantee the security of your personal information.
If we become aware of a data breach that is likely to result in serious harm, we will respond in accordance with the Notifiable Data Breaches scheme under the Privacy Act 1988 (Cth).
We retain personal information only for as long as necessary for the purposes for which it was collected, and to comply with our legal and professional obligations. As a registered tax agent, we are subject to record-keeping requirements under the taxation laws and the requirements of the Tax Practitioners Board, and we may retain records (including information underpinning our advice) for the period necessary to meet those requirements and to evidence and support our advice. When personal information is no longer required, we will take reasonable steps to destroy or de-identify it.
Our website may contain links to other websites. Those links are provided for convenience and may not remain current or be maintained. We are not responsible for the privacy practices of those linked websites, and we suggest you review the privacy policies of those websites before using them.
If you wish to request access to the personal information we hold about you, please contact us using the contact details set out below, including your name and contact details. We may need to verify your identity before providing you with your personal information. In some cases, we may be unable to provide you with access to all of your personal information and, where this occurs, we will explain why. We will deal with all requests for access to personal information within a reasonable timeframe.
If you think that any personal information we hold about you is inaccurate, please contact us using the contact details set out below and we will take reasonable steps to ensure that it is corrected.
If you wish to complain about how we handle your personal information, or believe your privacy has been interfered with, please contact us using the details provided below with your name and contact details. We will investigate your complaint promptly and respond within a reasonable timeframe.
If you are not satisfied with our response, you may refer your complaint to the Office of the Australian Information Commissioner (OAIC) at oaic.gov.au.
For further information about our privacy policy or practices, or to access or correct your personal information, or make a complaint, please contact us using the details set out below:
Name: Bill Yohana, FSTP Strategy Pty Ltd
Email: byohana@fstp.com.au
Website: www.fstp.com.au
Contact Us
Contact Details
We welcome enquiries from companies, legal advisers, and accounting firms requiring specialist transfer pricing advice. All enquiries are treated as confidential.